Writer: Jumadi, Setiawan,I. N., Nawaz, M. and Sattar, F.
Land use change dynamics exert a complex and varied impact on ecological factors. The expansion of metropolitan areas and developed land induces numerous environmental issues, notably a rise in Land Surface Temperature (LST). The correlation between built-up area and LST is crucial for comprehending the urban heat island phenomenon. This study conducts a spatiotemporal analysis of LST and normalised difference built-up index (NDBI) in Makassar City, Indonesia, selected for its fast urbanization. Ten years of Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) data (2013-2023) were analysed on the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform to derive the NDBI and LST. The outcomes were statistically examined utilizing SPSS and represented in ArcGIS. The findings indicated that substantial growth in the built-up area results from population expansion and urbanisation in the study area. The average land area in Biringkanya and Tamalanrea District expanded significantly due to urbanisation and infrastructural development. The land surface temperature in Makassar City rose from 26°C to 35°C, peaking at 43°C in 2014 and 40°C in 2023. The correlation between developed land and land surface temperature is robust, with built-up density markedly influencing temperature elevations. The linear regression also indicated a positive correlation between NDBI and LST, suggesting that heightened urbanisation and alterations in built-up land contribute to elevated LST. Subsequent investigations should incorporate high-resolution data, employ sophisticated remote sensing techniques, and analyse urban heat dynamics. Predictive modelling and socio-economic consequences of temperature fluctuations can guide policy measures.
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